Babinet’s principle states that if you have an opaque object and its complementary aperture, they should produce identical diffraction patterns when light passes through them. Ex. A thin metal rod blocking light should create the same diffraction pattern as a slit of the same shape cut into a metal sheet.Babinet’s principle does not hold for nonlinear optics.super-resolution effect:In linear optics,...
Study of birefringence in shear thinning fluid
Birefringence is an optical property of materials where light splits into two different rays, each traveling at a different speed and direction when passing through the material.Phase retardation (∆) refers to the difference in the phase of light waves as they pass through a birefringent material (like...
Symmetry change in Magnetite
Below the Verwey transition temperature (~110K in this experiment), Magnetite Fe3O4 structure distorts into a monoclinic shape, where one of the angles slightly deviates from 90° (β ≈ 90.23°). This distortion introduces a shear strain. The change is accompanied by charge ordering of the Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions to form “trimerons”, valence-ordered Fe3+-Fe2+-Fe3+ linear structures, which confine the...
two superconducting gaps observed for CsV₃Sb₅
The two superconducting gaps have been observed for CsV₃Sb₅ material. A charge density wave (CDW) is a state where the electron density in a material forms a periodic pattern instead of being uniform. This happens because of electron-phonon interactions, where electrons couple with vibrations in the crystal lattice.As per CDW in CsV₃Sb₅, electron density and lattice distortions repeat every two...
Chromium based tantalum disulfide properties
Study was done on Cr₁/₃TaS₂ (Cr atoms are inserted into a layered compound TaS₂ (tantalum disulfide)). The Raman Scattering method was used here.Pressure changes bond lengths and angles and, at the same time, systematically reduces the van der Waals distance and modifies the structural c/a ratio.Cr₁/₃TaS₂ has a smaller van der Waals gap, making it less change to structural distortions than Fe based...
Study of Cesium lead bromide- local polarization
Material CsPbBr₃ (cesium lead bromide) was studied here. It is widely used in solar cells, LEDs.At high temperatures (>100K), transport shifts to a band-like motion, where charge carriers move smoothly.At low temperatures (<100K), charge carriers move by hopping transport (jumping between localized...
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