Researchers used the Kubelka–Munk model and fiber optics for fast, real-time tissue analysis in surgery. Kubelka–Munk model helps us predict how much light is reflected and transmitted and from that, we can estimate how much the material or tissue absorbs and scatters light.
Here differential equations are used.
K (absorption) and S (scattering) parameters
Radiation Transfer Theory (RTT) gives optical coefficients Absorption and scattering coefficients. This method needs detailed input.
Kubelka–Munk model needs only basic measurable quantities — diffuse reflectance and transmittance. Light moves in only two opposite directions(upward and downward) are considered. This allows doctors to measure optical properties of tissues during surgery in seconds, measuring how intestinal tissues absorb and scatter light during surgery.
The researchers used Monte Carlo modeling, which is a numerical method for solving the Radiation Transfer Theory (RTT) equation, to generate reference data. They then applied the Kubelka–Munk model, based on differential equations, to measure absorption (μₐ) and scattering (μ′ₛ) coefficients of intestinal tissues.
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